Wind extinguishes a candle and energizes fire. Likewise with randomness, uncertainty, chaos: you want to use them, not hide from them.  Some things are fragile—they don’t like chaos, while others are robust—they don’t care if things are crazy. Antifragility is beyond resilience or robustness.  Antifragile things get better and stronger when the world is falling apart.  Everything that has more upside than downside from random events (or certain shocks) is antifragile; the reverse is fragile. If antifragility is the property of all those natural (and complex) systems that have survived till now, depriving these systems of volatility, randomness, and stressors will harm them.  They will weaken, die or blow up. Most of history comes from Black Swan events, which are highly improbable and unpredictable.  Mother Nature is the best expert at rare events and the best manager of Black Swans; in ......